Google reduces errors of quantum processor Willow by 40 times

Magical states are necessary for implementing computations using T-gates, which cannot be realized by classical methods. Previously, distillation was used to increase their stability, where several elements were combined to obtain one reliable element, which engaged up to 95% of the equipment's computational resources.

The method of cultivation developed by the specialists operates on the principle of constant monitoring and selection: the system continuously measures the parameters of the schemes and rejects defective elements at an early stage. During the tests, the engineers rejected 92% of the embedded schemes, leaving 8% of the most accurate states for calculations.

As part of the experiment, the authors also combined two approaches to error correction - color and surface codes - for the first time, transferring the prepared state between them. The researchers noted that to create full-fledged fault-tolerant quantum computers, the technology still needs to be scaled up, since increasing the size of the schemes leads to the appearance of additional errors.